Are they letting you import packages for this? I'd use pandas to make the table if so.
In your function, I'd define an empty list for the times in seconds and an empty list for the times in minutes. For each time in your list, multiply it by 60 to get the number of seconds and apply your formula to get the meters. Use string formatting to add the 'sec' and 'meters' to each of these and append it to your empty list.
If you use pandas you can construct the table (using pd.DataFrame( ) ) as a dictionary where the keys are the column headings ('Time' and 'Distance Fallen') and the values are the lists you just made. You can then just make the function return your table.